Thanks Tom, now I understand the ammonia/ammonium issue better. Where I went wrong is assuming that ammonia, a gas, can't remain as ammonia in solution with water. Obviously it can, just as CO2 can remain in water, not just as carbonic acid. Fortunately, if we use relatively soft water, inject CO2, driving the pH down, we should be much more immune to ammonia as a fish poison that if we have hard water and no CO2. Then, of course, the plants don't allow much ammonia or ammonium to remain in the water very long if they are growing well. I think I am almost ready to move on to Lesson #2 in chemistry.




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